Calling Bullshit, by Carl T. Bergstrom

Carl Bergstrom and Jevin West's Calling Bullshit: The Art of Skepticism in a Data-Driven World could not have come at a better time.  Well, maybe about three months ago would have been a better time.  The year 2020 has, so far, been primarily marked by Covid-19 and the response to it.  If you're like me, you are frustrated by the conflicting information given out by the media and the array of "experts."  Yes, a few of these folks have been studying contagious diseases for years, but then all these other "experts" chime in with their newly minted charts and graphs and "science" and "data" and we are left not knowing who to believe.  Politicians and the press say "listen to science" and "follow the data" then scientists disagree, data changes, and settled science suddenly becomes yesterday's news.

Bergsrtom and West, both professors at the University of Washington, bring some much-needed level headedness into the data-saturated, 24/7 news, social media world we live in.  (But due to the date of publication, Covid-19 is not part of this book.)  As they define it, b.s. (they use the word throughout, and call me prudish, it's just not a word in my vocabulary, so I'll use the short version in this review) "uses the language of math and science and statistics to create the impression of rigor and accuracy. . . .  New-school b.s. can be particularly effective because many of us don't feel qualified to challenge information that is presented in quantitative form."  A side comment about TED talks cracked me up.  So many people think a TED talk is the gold standard of authoritative, but they write "the TED brand of b.s. is just a cocktail of sound-bite science, management-speak, and techno-optimism."

We have access to more data than ever, but much of it is not reliable due to its source or presentation.  Bergstrom and West cover the various ways we are presented with b.s. and offer guidance to resist being taken in.  A favorite is numbers.  They "feel objective, but are easily manipulated to tell whatever story one desires."  Even better when data is presented in chart form.  Their section on charts and graphs may be the most useful part of the book.  They show the many ways an easy-to-read graph that seems to make a clear point may be concealing the very information you need.

In spite of their pretty clear lean to the left, they are balanced in their examples across the ideological spectrum.  Suffice it to say that no ideological group is exempt from the desire or habit of manipulating data and information to make a point.  Whether you are reading a Twitter post, watching the evening news, or even reading a paper in an academic journal, you will be better equipped to evaluate the information--and spotting b.s.--thanks to Bergstrom and West.  If someone starts a sentence with "studies say," "according to science," or something like that, put up your b.s. detector.


Thanks to NetGalley and the publisher for the complimentary electronic review copy!